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FY2005 FRED Database Project Description:

Project Information

 

 

Project Title:

CO2 Selective Ceramic Membrane for Water-Gas-Shift Reaction with Simultaneous Recovery of CO2

 

Project I.D.:

DE-FC26-00NT40922

 

FE Program:

Carbon Sequestration

 

Research Type:

Applied Research        

 

Funding Memorandum:

Cooperative Agree't (nonCCT) - Tech R&D

 

 

Project Performer

 

 

Performer Type:

For-profit Organization

 

Performer:

Media and Process Technology Inc.

 

Performer Address:

                             
1155 William Pitt Way                            
                                                 

 

Other Project Team Members:

University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 900891147, CA33

 

 

Project Dates

 

 

Project Start Date:

1-Sep-00

 

Project End Date:

31-Mar-05

 

 

Project Location

 

 

City:

Pittsburgh

 

State:

PA

 

ZIP Code:

15238-1368

 

Congressional District:

4

 

Responsible FE Site:

NETL

 

 

Project Contact

 

 

Name:

Liu, Paul K.T.

 

Telephone:

(412) 826-3721

 

Fax Number:

(412) 826-3720

 

Email Address:

mandpmain@aol.com                 

 

 

DOE/FE Contact

 

 

Name:

Lang, David Alan

 

Telephone Number:

(412) 386-4881

 

Site Location:

NETL

 

Email Address:

David.Lang@NETL.DOE.GOV

 

 

Cost & Funding Info.

 

 

Total Estimated Cost:

$900,000

 

DOE Share:

$720,000

 

Non-DOE Share:

$180,000

 

 

Project Description

 

 

Project Description:

The primary objective of this proposed program is to develop a defect-free hydrotalcite membrane for selective CO2 removal.  A secondary objective is to demonstrate that the membrane can be used under the water-gas-shift reaction environment; i.e.; 300 to 600oC and in the presence of steam.  Specific objectives include:



1. Synthesis of a defect-free hydrotalcite membrane for selective CO2 removal.

2. Determine the optimum operating conditions in terms of temperature and steam content of the gas for selective CO2 removal.

3. Demonstration of the membrane's hydrothermal and chemical stability under the optimum operating conditions.

4. Verification of the membrane's hydrothermal and chemical stability under the  water-gas-shift reaction environment proposed application environment.

5. To conduct a screening study to select an optimal hydrotalcite material for developing a membrane.

 

Project Background:

Since substantial (1/4-1/3) anthropogenic emissions of carbon to the atmosphere result from power generation [Ref. 1;22]; control of CO2 emission from this particular source is considered one of the most efficient strategies to achieve the national goal of greenhouse gas management. This centralized; instead of dispersed; CO2 source will provide an attractive opportunity to implement a cost-effective treatment solution. However; the conventional end-of-the-pipe treatment approach; i.e.; capture of CO2 after combustion with air;  is not considered economical because the gas volume increases tremendously (~ 3 times) after combustion.  According to the literature; this approach costs ~$40/ton of carbon (for a 500 MW fossil fuel-fired power plant; [Ref.1]); not including the additional cost for transportation and disposal of CO2.  To meet the  long term cost goal of $10/ton of carbon listed in the FETC Carbon Sequestration Program [Ref.2;32]; a new direction has been suggested [Ref.1] which requires a combination of the following:

À

À increased base power plant efficiencies;

À
À reduced capture process energy needs; and

À
À integration of the capture process with the power plant.

Under this direction we propose the development of a high temperature CO2-selective membrane as a reactor (MR) as shown in Figure 1; which can enhance the water-gas-shift (WGS) reaction efficiency while recovering CO2 simultaneously for disposal.



The membrane reactor (MR) can offer significant advantages to the WGS reaction; mainly (i) reduced capital cost because the high conversion can be achieved in a single stage; (ii) reduced operating cost because steam usage can be reduced; and (iii) reduced CO2 sequestration cost because CO2 can be separated from the MR simultaneously.  A comprehensive analysis performed by the European Consortium [Ref.13] estimated that the net efficiency of the IGCC process with integrated WGS-MR is 42.8% (LHV.) with CO2  recovery (80% based on coal input).  This figure is compared  with 40.5% (LAV.) for an IGCC with conventional CO2 removal.  Therefore; CO2 separation with significant improvement in power generation efficiency can potentially be delivered by the implementation of the WGS-MR. 



The specific affinity to CO2 is attributed to the unique hydrotalcite material selected as a membrane forming material for this application.  Hydrotalcite is hydrothermally stable under the WGS reaction environment. More importantly; it presents several unique advantages in membrane synthesis over other existing or emerging materials.  This improved WGS-MR w/ CO2 recovery capability is ideally suitable for integration into the Integrated Gasification Combined-Cycle (IGCC) power generation system. Thus; the hydrogen (high pressure and CO2 -free) produced from the IGCC can be used either as a product for power generation via a turbine or a fuel cell; or as a reactant for fuel and chemical production. Throughout this proposal; we will demonstrate its potential to meet the national objective in terms of the level and cost of CO2 sequestration.

 

Project Accomplishments:

[NOTE: Updated information not available beginning 2004]

01-Feb-02:
Accomplishment: Membrane Material CO2 Affinity Verified                                                            
Description:  Completed the low-pressure experimental study to verify the CO2 affinity and reversibility of the selected candidate material for membrane synthesis.  Part of the results has been summarized in a paper published in Chem. Eng. Sci.

01-Apr-02:
Accomplishment: Crystallinity Experiment Helps Optimize Membrane Material                                           
Description: Completed an experimental study on the crystal size and degree of crystallinity of hydrotalcite as a function of key operating parameters, including pH, temperature, and time. This information is now being applied to the optimization of the CO2-affinity membrane synthesis.

01-Aug-02:
Accomplishment: In-Situ Method Developed for Membrane Synthesis                                                    
Description: Performed membrane synthesis via in-situ crystallization and slip casting methods.  Both methods accomplished the formation of the CO2-affinity membrane on our commercial porous Al2O3 membranes as substrates. Optimization work is underway to minimize defects.  

 

 

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